Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition. Recent studies showed alteredexpression of microRNAs in type 2 diabetes that increased expression of inflammatory genes suggesting that micro-RNAsshow epigenetic regulatory action on genes involved in inflammation in diabetes in addition to their involvement in insulinsecretion. GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) also regulate insulin secretion. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their bioactive metabolites such as lipoxins, resolvins and protectins suppress inflammation, serve as agonists of GPCRs and regulate microRNA expression. Thus, understanding the close interaction(s) among cytokines, microRNAs, GPCRs and PUFAsmay lead to newer therapeutic strategies in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.