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INTRODUCTION
Vaccines are one of the best achievements in the pharmaceutical industry. They have largely contributed to eradicating multiple devastating diseases and saved millions of lives.
There are two categories of vaccines:

• Prophylactic vaccines: they are designed to prevent a disease or an infection from occurring. Prophylactic vaccines are disease / infection derived antigens administered to healthy people to trigger an immune response against foreign antigens.
• Therapeutic vaccines: they are administered to sick patients to cure or alleviate a diagnosed disease. The immune response is directed against self-antigens.

Although the first peptide vaccine investigated goes back to the 1980s, when peptide epitopes from virus-derived CD8 T-cells were used, the mai ...