Abstract

Docosahexaenoic acid or DHA (DHA; 22:6n-3) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is an integral partof the eye and nervous system. The DHA content of breast milk is highly variable and not all infant formulas are fortified withDHA, thus, placing some infants at risk for suboptimal DHA intake. Intakes of DHA in pregnant and lactating women andinfants can be augmented through particular foods and supplements. Research is establishing the role of DHA as a possiblecontributor to enhanced behaviour and cognition in children. The purpose of this article is to review the possible roles ofDHA in breast milk and its impact on behaviour and cognitive abilities in infants as well as young children.