Functional properties of collagen hydrolysates from the jellyfish (Chrysaora sp.)
ZOHA BARZIDEH1*, AISHAH ABD LATIFF2, CHEE-YUEN GAN3, MD. ZAINUL ABEDIN1, ALIAS A. KARIM1
*Corresponding author
1. Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Industrial Technology, Food Technology Division, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
2. Toxicology and Multipurpose Lab, Anti Doping Lab, Doha, Qatar
3. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Centre for Advanced Analytical Toxicology Services, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
Abstract
Collagen from the jellyfish Chrysaora sp. was isolated by limited pepsin digestion. After extraction, collagen was further hydrolyzed using three different enzymes: trypsin, alcalase, and protamex. Properties of the collagen hydrolysates, including, degree of hydrolysis, molecular weight distribution, and functional properties, then were measured. Alcalase digestion resulted in the highest degree of hydrolysis (45 percent), followed by protamex (39 percent) and trypsin (35 percent). The molecular mass of alcalase and protamex hydrolysates was ~8–10 kDa, and the value for the trypsin hydrolysate was ~10–20 kDa. All hydrolysates exhibited high water absorption, water binding, water holding capacity, and oil absorption capacity, and they also had good emulsifying and moderate foaming properties.
INTRODUCTION
Jellyfish have been used as food in East Asian countries for more than a thousand years (1, 2). Edible jellyfish are limited to 11 species in 5 families in the order Rhizostomeae and class Scyphomedusae (3). Jellyfish have a unique texture, high nutritional value, and pharmacological properties. In Chinese traditional medicine, jellyfish have been used to treat diseases such as high blood pressure, arthritis, back pain, gastric ulcers, asthma, bronchitis, and burns (1, 4-7), and the effectiveness of the treatment for some of these conditions has been confirmed by recent studies (1, 8-10).
Collagen is the main component of jellyfish (11), thus it is assumed to be the component responsible for the aforementioned benefits. If a considerable amount of collagen can be obtained from this marine resource, it may prove to be an alternative source of collagen and collagen derivatives. In fact, jellyfish can be extremely abundant, particularly when they occur in blooms. When abundant, they can clog the cooling equipment of power plants, contaminate fish catches (12), overload and burst fishing nets, sting humans, and cause environmental pollut ...
